Dump Truck

Overview

A dump truck is an on-highway hauler with a hydraulically tipping body used to move loose bulk materials, aggregate, soil, sand, demolition debris, between supply points, work sites, and disposal. The tandem rear-axle (6×4) layout carries heavy payloads at road speeds while keeping axle loads within legal limits, and the tipping body lets a single operator discharge a full load in under a minute without ground crew.

The vehicle is built on a Truck Chassis carrying the Diesel Engine, a tipping Dump Body, and the running gear that supports and stops it.

How it works

The Diesel Engine is a heavy-duty inline-six diesel turning a Automatic Transmission whose ratios match engine torque to load and gradient. Drive passes through the Driveline, propeller shafts and a tandem of driven rear axles, to deliver tractive effort to the rear Wheel Assembly set. A Suspension of multi-leaf or air springs distributes load between axles and isolates the cab over rough haul roads.

Stopping a fully laden truck relies on the Air Brake System, a dual-circuit compressed-air system with spring-applied parking brakes that fail safe if air pressure is lost. The driver steers through a recirculating-ball Steering System box with hydraulic assist.

To unload, the Body Hoist System feeds a telescopic hoist cylinder that pivots the Dump Body up to about 50°, letting material slide out the tailgate. The Day Cab houses the driver controls and instrumentation, with the Cooling System and Fuel System supporting the engine and the Electrical System system handling lighting, starting, and body-up interlocks.